If you are really lucky (I love it when it goes this way) you have a split syphon, there is a nurled ring around the part which is central to the cistern, undo this and the half containing the plastic part that wears (diaphragm) will lift up once the flush handle connection has been decoupled.
There are round diaphragms and oblong ones, the replacement oblong ones don't usually fit correctly the two holes for rod and positioning srub are usually in the wrong place, so you have to "Blue Peter" a makeshift one as said above.
If unlucky you haven't got a split syphon, so you have to sponge out last drops of watertake cistern off, whether close coupled or flush pipe, you have to take it apart to get at back nut which holds syphon in place. Once disturbed any rubber sealing washer wants to be renewed as it holds a shape according to the exact position it was last compressed into, you won't be able to get it exactly the same again. It just isn't worth the risk in plumbing to re-use old seals. Water gets people all excited, and start warbling on the phone.