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RCDs have been around since the 1920's. The big break through was an increase in sensitivity achieved by the use of a 'precision' relay. The basic single phase RCD used to consist of a toroidal core with line and neutral windings on it, and a detection coil. Any imbalance between the...

The whole idea of the Euro Plug project was that all existing plugs and sockets would be phased out. The plug was deliberately designed so that it did not fit any outlet that existed in the world :shock: . I have papers on it somewhere - but they are well hidden :D. I was not directly...

Well that would work but it might be expensive. You would also have the problem of offering a wide enough range of shapes etc to suit a wide range of tastes. On a more simple level you could run a high current (above 16A) distributor to a location such as a single room or a group of rooms...

So good I said it twice :D.

I think you need to view this as a domestic system. I have a diagram (lifted from the electrics outside the UK forum) that shows 16A radials with restricted numbers of outlets (generally 5 but I think 8 could be used) for general purpose use. There are 20A and 32A circuits for dedicated...

I think you need to view this as a domestic system. I have a diagram (lifted from the electrics outside the UK forum) that shows 16A radials with restricted numbers of outlets (generally 5 but I think 8 could be used) for general purpose use. There are 20A and 32A circuits for dedicated...

The fusing of sockets was not an ideal solution - just a means to try and get the UK to accept the 'Euro Plug'. Radials in many countries can have 16A protection for a general outlets and this means any size flex, within the limits allowed, could be used. It depends what you are trying to...

The BS 1363 socket outlet was one of the stumbling blocks to the 'Euro plug'. Another was the use of shutters as the French didn't like them A solution was proposed for the BS 1363 involving placing a fuse in the socket rather than in the plug. The French now apparently like shutters so...

Well mentioning Roger is hardly likely to increase my status :D. He is now in his seventies, and whilst he is still active in the Wiring regulations committees and similar, I would hardly consider him to be 'a claim to fame'. I know lots of others that I could mention if I thought that...

I must admit I don't understand why they have bothered to include 'rings mains' in their white paper. I cannot see that the continued use of ring final circuits would have any real effect on their wiring products. However, the BS 1363 socket outlet is another matter, and this may be behind...

He put the argument against ring mains in the IET debate. As such he is relevant in my post - do you have some problem with that.

With regard to LSF / LS0H cable in domestic installations, I agree with BAS. Note that there is a big difference between LSF and LS0H. Also note, that for its use to be effective all of the containment should also have the same fire performance. This also applies to all other building...

Well whether it alters things or not would depend on the overall design of the installation. I will not provide a 'design' as such because to do that properly requires all the details and my professional indemnity insurance company would not be happy if I worked with incomplete information...

The loop impedance would have to be less than 0.57 ohms (measured value less than 0.46 ohms) for a generic Type C mcb. This is a limit value - a much lower impedance would be better. You may have to consider using an RCD for fault protection instead. You can get an RCBO (mcb combined...

The compressor may trip the mcb because its starting current might be 'seen' as a fault. This is not an overload but a response to a potential fault current. As I said above, this is most likely to occur when you first switch on, as everything is calling for power at the same time, and there...

BS 60898 mcbs must work within certain performance requirements. One of these is 'conventional non-tripping current' - this specifies the multiple of the rated current that it must carry without tripping during the period of 'conventional time' For a 40A mcb the multiple is 1.13, and...

BAS said Let's see now: 1) no problem turning radials into rings; 2) plug design was achieved without any great difficulty; 3) devising special test sequences - which ones are they then - I don't know of any 'special' requirements in BS 7671 other than checking continuity - a bell &...

Its upside down.

You must be gentle BAS :D. BTW you could use an ordinary vice and just crush the conduit in it as its only a test exercise.

I quoted £70k for the Department of Education & Science (as it was) but I didn't get the job :D