My first water central heating system had no TRV heads, same with parents, but the central heating was never designed as the sole method to heat the home, we had coal, coke, or gas fires to heat the living rooms, the central heating was only designed as a back-up to take chill off the home before the main fires were lit.
Between 1980 and 1990 we moved to condensing boilers, which in turn needed a modulating boiler, and for the modulating boiler to work we need by-pass valves and TRV's.
I remember trying to balance radiators without TRV's, and it did not work. The problem was, there was nothing to compensate if a door left open or closed.
With a TRV we are told to set the differential between in and out at around 15°C, but without a TRV it would need the radiator in the same room as the wall thermostat set that way, and the rest set based on room temperature.

I look at my house, and wonder how it would work. Today I see 20.4°C living room, 19°C in my bedroom,14.1°C flat under the main house, and 8.9°C in utility room. OK, utility room unheated, I look at the living room, 16°C, 20°C, 20.5°C TRV 1, TRV2, Wall thermostat. This is one room, how you control a whole house, I don't know.