I have quite often put a switch in-line,like illustrated here - carefully removing a section of the sheath of the cable, leaving the neutral intact and cutting the 'live' and interposing the switch between the two cute ends ....
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It looks to me as if that may well be what is going on with the cable on the right, together with the one switch you currently have. It also looks as if exactly the same may have once going on with the cable on the left, at which time there was a "2-gang" switch, with the two cut brown conductors (now in a connector block) going to the second switch.
However, none of that helps you to know what the existing switch (or the second one, if it were once there) actually does/did