MCB selection

it isnt, its the other way round.

you could have a 6A MCB protecting a 10mm cable, a larger than expected cable is used to correct / allow for voltage drop.

Just becuse a cable is 10mm in this case does not mean to say you fit a large rated MCB
 
The rating of the MCB is selected to be equal or greater than the design current of the circuit it's going to protect. All derating factors are then applied against the rating of the MCB.
The size of the cable to be used is to be such that its tabulated current-carrying capacity (It) is not less than the value of rated current of the protective device adjusted as above.

The cable is then subjected to a volt-drop calculation.
 

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