Ceiling Pendant Light Fitting?

[flameport]

Also, if this is earthed is it likely that all the upstairs lighting is the same?

That isn't earthed, and also looks like rubber insulated wiring. New lights cannot be connected to it.

Do not remove any more light fittings or switches as that will very likely damage the rubber insulation.
You need a decent electrician to determine exactly what type of wiring you have, and to quote for replacing it.

 

[efunc]

Thanks. Good advice, I'll do that.