Once the water enters the store it is very rapidly heated to a temperature of lets say 60C under flow conditions, given that the store is hopefully maintained at 70 - 75C by the heat source as per MI.
This is then mixed on the outside of the cylinder at the blending valve and distributed as called for. There is massive thermal expansion and contraction going on all the time during this process least of all when the hot tap is shut quickly and the mains continues however briefly, which may happen under surge if the pressure reducing valve was not functioning correctly or due to the incoming being 22 and the usual 15 after to draw offs, so we could already be at over 3 bar, then it is heated pretty much instantaneously from say 15C to 70C standing in the cylinder raising the pressure even further how many times does this happen a day? and with no where to go as the non return valve will not let it back quite rightly,