you're in a war torn region, and government forces are taking out your towns, and you want to defend yourselves
So bow vs crossbow if we are assuming a make believe uprising.... ok.....
Making a bow is probably very easy, making a good bow.....not so much, but then some people will struggle to hit a target at 50 yards with a longbow, about 20 people at my club shoot longbow, most of them for a few years (most of them shoot Wednesday night & Sunday).
Out of 6 shots at 50 yards, not all of them will get 6/6 shots hitting the target (1.2m wide), the good ones might get 2/6 in the bullseye (20cm???).
Now that's at 50 yards, some nights the longbow shooters shoot 100 yards, they take up too much time looking for their arrows (when an arrow misses a target it ends up in the ground, sometimes you need a metal detector to find it).
Shooting a longbow consistently (as in hitting targets) is hard, and takes a lot of practice, the bows also change properties under different temp/humidities.
Now I hope this paints a picture, who cares if the bow isn't that good and only shots a hundred yards at best, that's still triple what most people picking one up are going to be able to shoot accurately at (beginners will often miss a target at 20 yards for the first 4 lessons or so).
To put it in context, after about 10 sessions with a recurve, I can hit the bullseye (not just hit the target) at 50 yards, most times.
The difference is that a longbows accuracy comes completely from the persons muscles, their ability to develop muscle memory, hold it steady, draw to a consistent pull (imagine pulling backwards 50lb of pressure, and pulling it to *exactly* the same spot next to your cheek each time). The reason recurves are much easier is a whole number of attachments to help with this, sights, grips, slings, stabilizers.
Now take a crossbow.
The power of the bolt is not dependant upon muscle, but metal, and it will shoot with the same power each time, the same arc, the same speed, this means it is extremely easy to learn where it shoots and so readily attach or use a sight, if you make a crossbow with a sight (which could just be a matchstick stuck on the end, which I have seen), *anyone* can learn how to shoot rather accurately with it in a few sessions.
And then of course you have the arrows and bolts.
An arrow actually has to flex a little bit when it shoots, for good accuracy, it needs to be light and strong, but not too strong/stiff.
What happens however if it is too weak?
Well, it shatters as you fire it, and the end of the arrow will go through your hand. I saw one guy make arrows from dowel timber from B&Q, the shaft as it broke (of course it broke) entered above his thumb, and down his thumb under the skin.
Nice.
Crossbow bolts are shorter and stocker, they just need to be stiff and strong, bolts don't need to flex (though you can get crossbow arrows).
So a crossbow is easier to shoot, easier to make ammunition for, and probably easier to make decently if you have some metal work available.
Crossbows win hands down.