Stud "leg" = vertical stud. Basically the conventional way to build a stud wall both in Victorian times and now was/is to build a frame with a sole plate on the floor, a header at the ceiling and have studs nailed to the header and sole plate in between. The header is fixed into the ceiling joists whilst the sole plate is fixed into the floor joists. This isn't writ in stone, there are variations, but it is by far the most common arrangement
Note the orientation of the studs.
Your wall is very thin and in order to make it so thin they have turned the studs through 90 degrees to gain maybe an extra inch of space in the room on one side (I think). It is lacking a sole plate, presumably because whoever built it didn't have any 2 x 2 timber to make one and it was too much effort or time to rip some 4 x 2 down to make one up (hand ripping timber is quite hard work and you wouldn't get long enough nails easily to fix through a 4 x 2 edge on - I assume your studs are approx. 4 x 2in).
What they have done instead is to skew nail each stud through the floor boards and into the joists to fix it all in place (two nails, as in my grotty sketch below).
This means that if you cut the nails under that last stud (the one next to the door casing) you'll end up with that stud flapping about in the breeze because it will no longer be anchored to the building at the bottom. Do not assume that the door casing is fixed to the floor - that is very rarely done, either now or back then - it will be fixed to the stud. This is why I suggested cutting round that piece of floor plank and just leaving it in situ. Hope the sketches make it a bit clearer
A fine example of Victorian jerry building if I may say! Don't you just love working on old buildings
Edit: Just looked at your door casings again - the header is joined straight into the existing stud and the jamb (the upright bit) looks like a reworked piece of matchboard fixed directly onto the stud as well. Now that is corner cutting!
P.S. Don't get me wrong, I also live in a Victorian terraced house and some of the short cuts used by the builders would have caused an apopleptic fit in one of my mentors - but 140 years on and it's all still standing, so...