I'm not obliged to recommend Vokera muggles, I feel obliged to let the poster know I work for Vokera
I even sort of halfheartedly commended the Ideal Icos there.
Oversizing is a problem and an inefficiency so range rating means you can place a limit on the maximum output of the boiler to reduce cycling (the boiler putting too much heat into a property).
Modulation is the is the lowest output the boiler can produce, this is good because maximum output is used typically for only 2 weeks of a heating season, minimum output is used for more in all probability and for the balance of weeks it fluctuates somewhere in between. e.g. the heat loss from a 3 bed semi might require 10kW at -5C and 5kW at +10C, less still at 15C when heating is still required.
I AM going to do some advertising now; if you want to know more MickyP10 we run a Heating Optimisation and Efficiency webinar monthly that quantifies heat loss, heat gain through occupancy, cost of modulation, cost of cycling and desirable system setup.
In October it's at 4pm on the 21st. Probably in November it'll have the 7pm slot.
Most webinars are for Gas Safe installers but this one is open to all. If interested use the link to register for the October webinar.
https://carrier.zoom.us/webinar/register/2215979244261/WN_otzLCyBDRl-uz0WlvmE8Bw