No earth cable on light fitting

and no doubt most of us have ignored certain manufacturer's instructions because we have the knowledge to assess the situation for ourselves and decide that it's acceptable to do so (or in some cases even desirable to do so).
What, then, are your reasons because of knowledge for earthing ClassII lighting.

Please don't reiterate that you have assessed through knowledge that it would then be no less safe than something which is less safe than it would be without that earthing.
 
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Exactly. We all must have seen instructions which are clearly aimed at the person who has practically zero technical knowledge, and no doubt most of us have ignored certain manufacturer's instructions because we have the knowledge to assess the situation for ourselves and decide that it's acceptable to do so (or in some cases even desirable to do so).
Quite so. A common example is with cooking appliances, the manufacturers of which often do not appear to have heard of diversity. Whether some regard it as 'bad' or not, I would lose no sleep in 'ignoring' an instruction which required' a 32A OPD when I knew that 20A would be more than adequate.
I would not presume to ignore something like maximum dosage instructions on medicines without advice from a doctor because I am not sufficiently qualified to do so.
That's fair enough, and correct. If one has inadequate knowledge and/or insufficient understanding of the reason for the quoted maximum dosage, then it is totally appropriate that you should ('blindly') follow the 'fail safe' instructions designed for those "with practically zero technical knowledge".

However, if you did have some knowledge, and you knew that that 'blanket fail-safe maximum' was (as is usually the case) chosen so that it would be OK for those who (probably unknown to them) had a degree of impairment of liver function, and if you knew that your liver function was normal, you might well feel comfortable to exceed that stated 'maximum' by a bit.

Kind Regards, John
 
What, then, are your reasons because of knowledge for earthing ClassII lighting.
It would depend upon the circumstances. I'm not saying that I want to earth all class II lighting fixtures, but I gave an example earlier of a desk lamp. While supposedly double-insulated, when I examined it closely I was not at all happy with the construction and decided that I would be happier - in that particular case - rewiring with a 3-core flex and securely attaching an earth to the casing.
 
What, then, are your reasons because of knowledge for earthing ClassII lighting.
I'm getting a bit confused by this discussion. Whilst there are certainly people who have said that "it shouldn't do any harm", has anyone actually suggested/advocated that one should earth exposed-c-ps (if one is allowed to call them that in this situation!) of a Class II lighting fitting. I certainly haven't - on the contrary, I've said that I personally would not do it - any more than I woulkd unnecessarily earth an 'isolated' bath, worktop of window frame (because I don't approve of unnecessarily earthed metal of any sort).

Kind Regards, John
 
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I still don't really understand the 'why' (at least, electrically)
In that case you have no option but to follow the manufacturer's instructions. If OTOH you did understand the reasons, you would have no option but to follow the manufacturer's instructions.

[I should point out that throughout this discussion I am considering 'good' manufacturers, not cheapo carp bought off the bay.]
 
412.2.2.4 ... {actual} No exposed-c-p or intermediate part shall be connected to any protective conductor unless specific provision for this is made in the specification for the equipment concerned.
Yes, I know,
Yet you persist in asking.

but I still don't really understand the 'why' (at least, electrically)
It is only relevant electrically because it relates to the safety of people.

I remain of the view that if, for some reason, it's not safe to earth any exposed CPs, then I would not consider the item to be safe in the first place!
It relates to the safety of people.
It would be safer generally if NO items had to be earthed.

As I've said before, I wonder if this is perhaps about practicalities - the fact that attempts to earth an exposed-c-p which had not been provided with a suitable terminal might result in damage to the item and/or problems in relation to how one would get a CPC to the exposed-c-p.
What is so difficult to understand?
It would be safer generally if NO items had to be earthed but some DO have to be earthed.


Whatever, an interesting point about this regulation is that it does ("unless ....") acknowledge that the exposed-c-ps of a Class II item can, if 'allowed' by the manufacturer, be earthed.
Only the internal electrical parts; NOT the exposed-c-ps.

The regs therefore do not say that such the exposed-c-p of a Class II item must never be earthed.
Yes, it does.

412.2.2.4 No conductive part enclosed in the insulating enclosure shall be connected to a protective conductor.
{precis} However, a pc may run through the enclosure to supply other equipment. It shall be treated as a live conductor.

No exposed-c-p or intermediate part shall be connected to any protective conductor unless specific provision for this is made in the specification for the equipment concerned.
 
I still don't really understand the 'why' (at least, electrically)
In that case you have no option but to follow the manufacturer's instructions.
My comment was in relation a a regulation in BS7671, not MIs.
If OTOH you did understand the reasons, you would have no option but to follow the manufacturer's instructions.
I'm not sure in what sense you mean "no option". As I an others have said, there are situations in which I 'loose no sleep' if I personally 'over-ride' MIs.
[I should point out that throughout this discussion I am considering 'good' manufacturers, not cheapo carp bought off the bay.]
That's a big caveat! How do you decide who is a 'good manufacturer'?

Kind Regards, John
 
As I an others have said, there are situations in which I 'loose no sleep' if I personally 'over-ride' MIs.
Presumably you meant 'lose', not 'loose'? There are people who lose no sleep over shoplifting, drug dealing, and various other things. That doesn't make it right.
That's a big caveat! How do you decide who is a 'good manufacturer'?
With difficulty, I agree. There are some whose instructions are clearly wrong, but in that case you would be safer changing the product for a better one than guessing if you know more about the product than its manufacturer does.
 
but I still don't really understand the 'why' (at least, electrically)
It is only relevant electrically because it relates to the safety of people.
As I said pages back, if everyone would agree/admit that these regulations/instructions are saying that one should not earth exposed metal parts of a Class II electrical item because, just as with a metal window frame, it is undesirable to increase the amount of touchable earthed metal around the place, then I would have run of things to say a long time ago.

However, I frankly doubt that is the thinking behind these regulations/instructions, and we have at least one person here suggesting that earthing those exposed metal parts could impair the safe functioing of the Class II item in question.
Whatever, an interesting point about this regulation is that it does ("unless ....") acknowledge that the exposed-c-ps of a Class II item can, if 'allowed' by the manufacturer, be earthed.
Only the internal electrical parts; NOT the exposed-c-ps.
Eh? .....
The regs therefore do not say that such the exposed-c-p of a Class II item must never be earthed.
Yes, it does.
Eh? again. As you go on to quote:
No exposed-c-p or intermediate part shall be connected to any protective conductor unless specific provision for this is made in the specification for the equipment concerned.

Kind Regards, John
 
No exposed-c-p or intermediate part shall be connected to any protective conductor unless specific provision for this is made in the specification for the equipment concerned.
I do not know what sort of product that might be but it is definitely not a Class II light fitting and presumably the manufacturer will not, for such a product, state that "This product must not be earthed".
 
Presumably you meant 'lose', not 'loose'?
I did - apologies.
There are people who lose no sleep over shoplifting, drug dealing, and various other things. That doesn't make it right.
OK - so you're saying that the reason why I would have "no option" but to follow MIs is because it 'would not be right' to do otherwise (despite, as far as I am aware, the lack of any particular legal standing of MIs for domestic items), not because what I did would necessarily be in any way problematical?
That's a big caveat! How do you decide who is a 'good manufacturer'?
With difficulty, I agree. There are some whose instructions are clearly wrong, but in that case you would be safer changing the product for a better one than guessing if you know more about the product than its manufacturer does.
But how are you deciding that some are "clearly wrong" without invoking the 'arrogance' you previously mentioned? Might it not be you who is 'wrong'?

For those with some knowledge, then application of (technically-based) common sense, rather than an obsession with blind compliance with rules, regulations and instructions etc. is probably what is really required. Those without knowledge unfortunately have to rely on blind faith in the instructions they are presented with - instructions which, as you have implied, might be 'bad instructions'.

Kind Regards, John
 
A more simple/cheaper solution would be to return that light to M&S and buy one that is double insulated (aka Class II). Then an earth would not be necessary.

But there are inaccessible screwed connectors that must be made accessible, especially if the wanton use of a destructive Birmingham screwdriver is waiting in the wings...
 
No exposed-c-p or intermediate part shall be connected to any protective conductor unless specific provision for this is made in the specification for the equipment concerned.
I do not know what sort of product that might be ....
Nor do I - but, as I said, it's an indication that BS7671 is not saying that exposed parts of a Class II must never be earthed.
... but it is definitely not a Class II light fitting ...
You must have a better crystal ball than I do!
... and presumably the manufacturer will not, for such a product, state that "This product must not be earthed".
Obviously not. I've been participating in this discussion for a long time without actually investigating the facts. How common actually is it for Class II items with exposed metal parts (themselves relatively uncommon) to have this "must not be earthed" instruction, I wonder? Probably most times I see the "This product must not be earthed" instruction, it is essentially silly, since it relates to a totally plastic-encased item which has nothing "to earth" even if I wanted to! The main exceptions are power tools & small kitchen appliances etc., but in those cases it would be difficult, if not impossible, to find a way of earthing the exposed metal parts, a good few of which will be moving parts.

Kind Regards, John
 
In that case you have no option but to follow the manufacturer's instructions. If OTOH you did understand the reasons, you would have no option but to follow the manufacturer's instructions.
Why? Nothing obliges me to obey the manufacturer's instructions.

[I should point out that throughout this discussion I am considering 'good' manufacturers, not cheapo carp bought off the bay.]
And how is the determination made between a "good" manufacturer whose instructions one supposedly has no option but to obey, and a "bad" manufacturer whose instructions, presumably, you are saying can be ignored?
 
How common actually is it for Class II items with exposed metal parts (themselves relatively uncommon)
I'm not sure I'd say that. Looking around me right here I see several "wall cube" type of power supplies (with exposed metal on the connectors for the intended equipment), a couple of metal desk and stand lamps, and a Denon DVD player sporting a "Double insulated" wording and symbol, with all metal outside casing and multiple RCA jacks bolted right onto the rear panel. I know in one of my toolboxes I have at least one double-insulated regular electric drill, two or three miniature Dremel drills, all double-insulated with exposed metal drive shafts and chucks. In the kitchen is a double-insulated toaster with exposed metalwork, ditto for a small rice cooker. You've already noted some of these.

I'd say that class II devices with exposed metal parts are actually very common. If there were no exposed metal on the device then surely the whole business becomes irrelevant anyway, since there is nothing the user can come into contact with (in normal use) which needs to be either earthed or double-insulated from possible live conductors?
 

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