I'm not so sure about the "concept of earthing" - I suspect that you are talking about the BS7671 definition of 'earthing'. In a more general sense, "earthing" merely refers to connecting something to earth - and in some situations (e.g. RF circuitry, screening etc.) that hasn't necessarily got anything to do with exposed-c-ps, METs, protection or protective devices.The concept of earthing cannot apply to something which is not an exposed-conductive-part.
As above, that depends upon what definitions one is using.If you create a connection between such an object and the installation earth you have bonded it, not earthed it.
Kind Regards, John
