When patching up,
Remove any dust/loose material,
Dampen down the area your patching to control suction,
Use browning to cover the area, Rule off with a straight edge,
Scrape back all around the edge of the area your patching, This is so the finish should blend in better, if done properly you shouldnt see where the area has been patched when finish is applied.
Scrape a couple of mm off the top of the browning as its drying,
Apply the finishing plaster.
The reasons i would think you got cracking were either you hadnt dampened down the area enough, If it was a high suction background the water could be absorbed from the applied plaster, Causing the newly plastered area to dry out too quick, causing cracking. Or you might have tried to cover too deep an area all at one go, Plaster has to be applied in layers, Using pva can also reduce cracking as it seals an area controlling suction.
Also using finish plaster on its own to cover a deep area could cause cracking, If its only a small area and it doesnt justify buying a bag of bonding and finish, Do the job in layers, let each layer dry out then apply next, That might work.