Cannot really explain anything, as you was instructed in earlier replies, testing of cable was required to establish what, where and why?
It seems that advise was ignored/overlooked.
There are a whole number of what could have beens, but without testing, everything else is guesswork.
I would say the black conductor has been taped to prevent it from accidentally coming in contact with other conductors to prevent any dangerous or potentially dangerous hazards.
As there was no other spare terminal. ideally this should have been terminated to a separate connector but still enclosed.
The bare copper wires are very very likely to be the circuit protective conductors (CPC, aka earth). They should have been sleeved green (back in the day) or green/yellow (present day).
And yes they should be terminated together so continuity is preserved of the CPC.
I hope you have not in anyway altered this for the worst, hopefully improved it?
It really should have been removed at upstream source, if possible.