This small flow and expansion tank in the loft keeps the entire central heating system full, which includes the boiler, radiators, pipework and the indirect heating coil thats inside your copper hot water cylinder.
Water flow from that tank is negligible, hence crud in the system can build up, especially on pipe bends.
So, you drained that water away, fair enough but fresh water can't now enter your system for some reason (blockage).
Did you notice a pipe curving above the tank? Thats the expansion pipe which must remain clear...as your heating water expands, any excess causes the level in that pipe to rise.
You'll find that there is water at the hot taps.....but it will be cold. Thats because there is no direct connection between this domestic water and the water in your rads etc.
Hopefully this will help you to understand things a bit better - but it still doesn't sort your problem! Often pipework thats blocked has to be cut away, so do trace as much of the pipe as you can, and if there are brass compression joints its worth cracking them open.
On seriously bunged (or even air locked if your luck is in) systems the blockage can sometimes be cleared by connecting a mains pressure hosepipe to a radiator valve and allowing water pressure to force its way in....that expansion pipe has to be sealed for this and you have to consider that radiator pipework isn't at mains pressure anyway therefore its at risk....so lets hear what the others say!
John